Modern Vespa

TLDR
Lots of words but it's seriously not hard 😀 No, i don't intend to make TikTok videos 😝

What is a 'mapping'?
These are the parameters the ECU uses for deciding how much fuel etc

I DO NOT SUPPLY TUNED MAPS.
This is simply info on how to do it.

Why change it?
Because we can More seriously it's useful when modfiing things like the airbox or installing an aftermarket cylinder or camshaft. Way better results than using a Malossi Force Master or similar. Can also be used to get a *little* more out of an unmodified bike.

Can I blow up my bike?
Unlikely. You can make it run poorly but then can simply switch back to standard map to restore it.

Which ECUs
this wiki article is for bikes/scoots with MIU ecus. these includes GTS250/300/300HPE/310 and also some models like the 946, LX150ie, the latest Prima/Sprint Tech (dual ABS models only?), some Beverly, as well as some MP3 and even some MotoGuzzi bikes and Aprilia scooters. How to identify MIU ecus Link. Other ECUs will be the same idea but with different tools for the read/write step, this is beyond the scope of my experience and of this article, please don't ask me.

Can i kill / 'brick' the ECU
Simply follow the instructions and you'll be fine. I have multiple times tried to kill my MIUG4 by pulling out the cable during writing and it's still alive! They are designed to be robust although with the MIU1 is apparently a pain to recover if you do something stupid like remove the cable mid way.

Part 1: Terminology
Part 2: Reading and Writing from the ECU
Part 3: Editing the map in the bin
Part 4: Where to get maps
Part 5: What about workshop service and MOT/TUV etc?

Part 1 Terminology

Map
A typical mapping is a spreadsheet with the amount of fuel to injector at different RPM vs Throttle. The same idea is used for adjusting the Ignition Timing etc. see below for example fuel map

BIN
This is a file containing the software and maps and other configuration data for the ecu. Think of it like a copy of a hard disk.

XDF
file used by editing software TunerPro that describes the location and structure of the maps inside the BIN. Think of this like a list of files on a hard disk

ECU / Throttle Body
Although it's more common to have the ECU and Throttle body as two separate parts, with bikes using the MIU it is a combined part. I therefore generally refer to the different halves of the part based on the relavence of what I am writing.

MIU
A family of combined ECU / Throttle Body made by Magnetti Marelli and loved by Piaggio.

EEPROM
MIUG3/G4 store the BIN in a 512KB flash chip. The data for the immo key codes etc are stored in a separate 4K/8K EEPROM chip. This is not used during mapping and can be ignored.

Part 2 Reading and Writing from the ECU

Cheapest tools. Other expensive tools are available (kess / obdstar / asw-next)

Firstly identify your MIU ECU. Look at your bike and then at this link https://steelbytes.com/vespadiag/help/miu_identify/ If it's not an MIU then use different tools, please don't ask me.

MIU1/MIU3G
Black 3 pin plug. Use IAWMIUReader/IAWMIUWrite and IAWMIUG3Reader/IAWMIUG3Writer from https://www.von-der-salierburg.de/download/GuzziDiag/ For connection details see DIY Diagnostic tool for injection Vespa's with MIU ECU

MIUG4
Red 6 pin plug. Not all bikes with red plug are MIUG4, check above identification. Use VespaDiag from https://steelbytes.com/vespadiag/
(made by me ) See GUIDE: VespaDiag for MIUG4 ECUs eg GTS300HPE

1. Click the read button in the app.
2. BACKUP the BIN file. This is so you can restore it back to factory at any time. Suggest sticking it in a ZIP file so you don't accidentally edit it.

For both of types you can either connect when the ECU is in the bikeb using the diag plug OR take it out and place the ECU on your work bench and then connect 12v/grnd, connect wire for ignition switch, connect kline (MIU1/G3) or canbus (MIUG4). Check wiring diagrams for pin numbers see https://manuals.wotmeworry.org.uk/Vespa/

Part 3 Editing the map in the bin

Various software such as TunerPro on WinOLS. I use TunerPro. Search google for 'ecu bin edit' for others. (One day i might make an Android app for this).

TunerPro
Free from https://www.tunerpro.net/

Matching XDF
I have made a big collection of XDFs for many MIU ecus that you can download for free.
https://steelbytes.com/vespadocs/BINs%20and%20XDFs/ These XDFs have many things in them; i suggest ignoring all except for the main Fuel and main Ignition maps, i may write docs for some of the other fields.

1. Load the BIN and matching XDF into TunerPro.
2. Edit the map and save.
3. Use earlier step for writing the BIN back to the ECU

Part 4 Where to get maps

Standard factory maps
I keep a collection at https://steelbytes.com/vespadocs/BINs%20and%20XDFs/ You can for example copy and paste an E5 fuel map from a 300HPE BIN to a E4 300HPE, or if you've lost your original map then restore back to standard.
DO NOT copy a MIU1/MIU2 bin between two different ecus or bikes as this includes immo key codes and other calibration data, but its is ok for MIUG3/G4 to do this.

Tuned maps
a. Make your own. Best if you have access to a dyno or at least a wideband sensor . Otherwise is largely guess work. This wiki article is not the right place to discuss this.

b. Buy from https://lebschik.at/ and maybe https://www.buchsenfuchs.com/ ?. Let me know about others for this list

c. ask a motorcycle tuning shop with a dyno and pray they don't laugh

Part 5: What about workshop service and MOT/TUV etc?

Can a changed map be easily detected with a standard scan tool?
Yes.

Workshop and dealer PADS tools
*If* the dealer installs an update using PADS then that would overwrite your tuned maps. This is not common as updates are rare after about one year after release of a new generation of the engine. Such a change is typically only for idle and/or warmup, not the main fuel maps. If it happens then read the updated bin from the ecu and then edit it (may require a different xdf) copying and pasting your tuned maps into the new bin.

MOT / TUV
No idea if they care ...
... but I do know that when you buy Piaggio's Vespa Sports exhaust it comes with a mapping* that the dealer installs. This changes the identifies that can be seen by the scan tool during inspection by MOT/TUV who may or may not care.

* this mapping from piaggio is not really a mapping as it doesn't change the fuel etc, all it changes is the ids. ie, piaggio's marketing is lying.

(reserved for part 6)
(Maybe docs for xdf fields, or maybe put that on steelbytes.com/docs/xdfs/)

(reserved for part 7)

Currently the UK motorcycle MOT doesn't include reading any code from the ECU.

https://www.gov.uk/guidance/mot-inspection-manual-for-motorcycles

Working through your mapping wiki. My bike is a 2024 Vespa Sprint 150 S, US market, i-get 3V Euro 5. It has the red 6-pin diagnostic connector, but I note your warning that not all red-plug bikes are MIUG4, and the wiki hedges with "the latest Prima/Sprint Tech (dual ABS models only?)" — mine isn't a Tech and I believe it's single-channel ABS.

Do you know whether this one is a G4, and whether VespaDiag will talk to it? CANable and 6-pin adapter arrive Thursday so I'll find out either way, but figured it was worth asking first.

Also, I don't see any Sprint/Primavera 150 entries in your BIN/XDF collection. If it does read, happy to send you the stock BIN for the pile, and I'd be up for helping build an XDF for the 3V calibration if none exists.

Probably sounds bitchy:

If you're are unable to identify your ecu using information already supplied then possibly you shouldn't be messing with it.